Today, in Paul Krugman's NYTimes Op-Ed, he discusses the structural similarities between the Irish and U.S. financial crisis.
Describing the effect of compensation in destabilizing our financial system, Krugman writes:
Third, key players had an incentive to take big risks, because it was heads they win, tails someone else loses. In Ireland this moral hazard was largely personal: “Rogue-bank heads retired with their large fortunes intact.” There was a lot of this in the United States, too: as Harvard’s Lucian Bebchuk and others have pointed out, top executives at failed U.S. financial companies received billions in “performance related” pay before their firms went belly-up.
My personal interest in the nexus between Limited Liability and "Moral Hazard" has recently led me to contemplate how limited liability legitimizes corporate management's over-sized compensation even where such payouts have the effect of leaving a corporation under capitalized vis-a-vis long-term risks.
In his op-ed, Krugman makes no mention of limited liability. No surprise as I'm the first to admit I'm pretty out there on this issue. Rather, he is discussing the fact that our current system of corporate management creates incentives for corporate management to create short-term profits without regard to the risks of long-term losses, however large they may be, such short-term profits create.
This disconnect between short-term and long-term interests was created when ownership and management was separated.
And that separation of management and ownership was made possible by limited liability.
As lawyers like to say, limited liability was the but for cause of this divergence of interests.